The SPE Library contains thousands of papers, presentations, journal briefs and recorded webinars from the best minds in the Plastics Industry. Spanning almost two decades, this collection of published research and development work in polymer science and plastics technology is a wealth of knowledge and information for anyone involved in plastics.
Fiber orientation can create layers with oriented fibers that behave as pseudo-plies, analogous to more conventional continuous fiber or fabric reinforced composites. Warp and distortion of several part geometries produced from carbon fiber composites made on a Stratasys FORTUS 450mc printer are analyzed as a function of the pseudo layup and structures used to fabricate the parts. Practical solutions for mitigating warping and balancing physical properties are proposed.
The application of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) in semiconductive medium voltage power cable strippable insulation shield (IS) is investigated in this work. Carbon black is mixed in the LLDPE alone and LLDPE/EVA blend in IS compounds for study. The critical performances of the IS compound, such as compatibility of carbon black, mechanical properties, strippable force to XLPE, electrical property, are briefly evaluated initially for the feasibility of LLDPE in such application. The results meet the basic requirement and indicate such possibility with cost benefit.
This paper deals with the behavior of thermoplastic melt, which is excited by oscillations via piezoelectric actuators. The experimental setup is designed to transmit vibrations directly into the melt. The result of this procedure is a reduced viscosity for two different thermoplastic resins of up to 23 %. Amplitude and melt temperature have little to no effect on viscosity reduction during oscillation.
We have investigated the flame retardant (anti-dripping properties) of a polycarbonate resin by using a dynamic mechanical analysis. A UV curable polycarbonate resin showed a strong rubbery plateau as a function of UV dosage and the amount of UV active end group. The average storage modulus is defined in the rubbery plateau region from 160 to 190°C with average storage modulus of 9 MPa being a threshold value to achieve optimum flame rating.
Die build-up negatively impacted the capacity of a compounding line for the production of a polyolefin-based wire and cable formulation. This paper discusses a root cause analysis performed on the die build-up defect, the identified solution, and the resulting economic impact.
While dynamic testing in torsional rheometers is a well known method, the use of axial or solid state DMA is often considered more of a thermal rather than a rheological technique. DMAs like the Mettler DMA 1+ allow the testing of materials from the solid state into the melt and from the uncured liquid state to a solid. This allows a fuller range of temperatures to be covered in one scan using the shear fixtures. Examples and applications will be discussed.
This presentation will discuss Innovations in Automotive Plastics “Materials and Processes/Enabling Technologies based on recent 2017 automotive innovations awards finalists and winners as well as recent innovations not submitted for awards.
This presentation will discuss Innovations in Automotive Plastics “Applications” based on recent 2017 automotive innovations awards finalists and winners as well as recent innovations not submitted for awards.
The current trend towards energy efficient commercial vehicles requires a substantial improvement in their aerodynamic performance. The development of a ducted fairing design for a Day Cab using computational fluid dynamics and scale wind tunnel evaluationis presented as well as the validation of the final design by means of a full scale prototype used for comparative testing with a commercial fairing in constant velocity track tests and highway coast down
There has never been a more exciting time to be in the Auto industry, with disruption and innovation occurring on many fronts. Electrification of the Powertrain, Autonomy, Regulation, and Connectivity are Megatrends impacting the future of mobility, and plastic materials play an important part in each of these large scale changes that will ultimately remake 'what' a light passenger vehicle is and does, and 'how' humans are transported in the future. This paper will touch on each of these trends and the potential impact on the Auto sector.
Thermoplastic Polyolefins (TPOs) have become very dominant materials among automotive plastics. Because of their versatility with formulation changes the TPOs are currently being used in all automotive applications. The presentation will cover how the TPOs were evolved and why the automotive applications are growing rapidly.
Scratch resistance has been issued in automotive industry, which is a measure of scratch on the plastic material for the interior and exterior of automotive. The effect of thermoplastic olefin (TPO) composition with various fillers and novel glass filler, which has high aspect ratio, on scratch resistance and mechanical properties was investigated in this study.
Core-Back Technology enabled a 1.9mm IP substrate to be molded then expanded to 4.0 mm . Resulting in less cost & weight while increased stiffness and low emissions.
This paper examines the chemical resistance of different grades of Polymethylmethacrylate material (PMMA), Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate (ASA) and Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate Polycarbonate (ASA+PC) that are commonly used in automotive exterior trim applications. The materials were exposed to automotive windshield washer solvent at different levels of strain.
A new concept for liquid cooled modules in electric vehicle battery packs (EVBPs) is presented. This concept requires resins with high hydrolytic stability. A new polycarbonate blend was developed that meets the requirements for this new application.
A novel depolymerization method using low-temperature, low-pressure alcoholysis of PLA in a ternary solution is outlined in this work. Depolymerization kinetics are studied for the PLA/methanol/chloroform system at 57°C. Large changes in molecular weight can be achieved at relatively mild conditions. A tin catalyst is found to increase the reaction rate significantly. The method is well-suited to industrial recycling processes and is consistent with the concept of a circular economy.
The mechanical properties of sisal-PLA composites were measured with a parameter of length of sisal fiber, degree of microfibrillation, and mixing method of sisal fiber. The mechanical properties of sisal-PLA composites were also compared with those of wood flour, cellulose based on hardwood, and cellulose nanofiber composites. As a result, the higher tensile strength of the sisal-PLA composite was obtained by kneading PLA and microfibrillated sisal fiber wetted with organic solvent.
Since powder coatings do not use VOCs, much research has been studied as eco-friendly paints. Among these powder coatings, hybrid type is widely used in home appliances and furniture. Therefore, it is very important to meet both aesthetic characteristics and mechanical properties such as gloss and hardness. However, it is difficult to maintain high gloss with high hardness because of the inorganic filler of powder coatings.
Glass fiber/nanocellulose/epoxy interfacial adhesion was explored to determine the optimum coating process and nanocellulose surface chemistry for glass fiber reinforced epoxy composites. The interfacial adhesion was assessed by photoelastic scattering under a microscope and interfacial shear stress (IFSS) determination by single fiber fragmentation test (SFFT). The effect of nanocellulose as glass fiber coating on the interphase was determined and prospects of nanocellulose sizing of glass fibers (GF) were discussed.
This is a presentation based upon the SPECAD Technical members collaborative efforts to provide support to divisions and educational organizations.
Kim McLoughlin Senior Research Engineer, Global Materials Science Braskem
A Resin Supplier’s Perspective on Partnerships for the Circular Economy
About the Speaker
Kim drives technology programs at Braskem to develop advanced polyolefins with improved recyclability and sustainability. As Principal Investigator on a REMADE-funded collaboration, Kim leads a diverse industry-academic team that is developing a process to recycle elastomers as secondary feedstock. Kim has a PhD in Chemical Engineering from Cornell. She is an inventor on more than 25 patents and applications for novel polyolefin technologies. Kim is on the Board of Directors of SPE’s Thermoplastic Materials & Foams Division, where she has served as Education Chair and Councilor.
A Resin Supplier’s Perspective on Partnerships for the Circular Economy
About the Speaker
Gamini has a BS and PhD from Purdue University in Materials Engineering and Sustainability. He joined Penn State as a Post Doctorate Scholar in 2020 prior to his professorship appointment. He works closely with PA plastics manufacturers to implement sustainability programs in their plants.
A Resin Supplier’s Perspective on Partnerships for the Circular Economy
About the Speaker
Tom Giovannetti holds a Degree in Mechanical Engineering from The University of Tulsa and for the last 26 years has worked for Chevron Phillips Chemical Company. Tom started his plastics career by designing various injection molded products for the chemical industry including explosion proof plugs and receptacles, panel boards and detonation arrestors for 24 inch pipelines. Tom also holds a patent for design of a polyphenylene sulfide sleeve in a nylon coolant cross-over of an air intake manifold and is a Certified Plastic Technologist through the Society of Plastic Engineers. Tom serves on the Oklahoma Section Board as Councilor, is also the past president of the local Oklahoma SPE Section, and as well serves on the SPE Injection Molding Division board.
Joseph Lawrence, Ph.D. Senior Director and Research Professor University of Toledo
A Resin Supplier’s Perspective on Partnerships for the Circular Economy
About the Speaker
Dr. Joseph Lawrence is a Research Professor and Senior Director of the Polymer Institute and the Center for Materials and Sensor Characterization at the University of Toledo. He is a Chemical Engineer by training and after working in the process industry, he has been engaged in polymers and composites research for 18+ years. In the Polymer Institute he leads research on renewably sourced polymers, plastics recycling, and additive manufacturing. He is also the lead investigator of the Polyesters and Barrier Materials Research Consortium funded by industry. Dr. Lawrence has advised 20 graduate students, mentored 8 staff scientists and several undergraduate students. He is a peer reviewer in several journals, has authored 30+ peer-reviewed publications and serves on the board of the Injection Molding Division of SPE.
Matt Hammernik Northeast Account Manager Hasco America
A Resin Supplier’s Perspective on Partnerships for the Circular Economy
About the Speaker
Matt Hammernik serves as Hasco America’s Northeast Area Account Manager covering the states Michigan, Ohio, Indiana, and Kentucky. He started with Hasco America at the beginning of March 2022. Matt started in the Injection Mold Industry roughly 10 years ago as an estimator quoting injection mold base steel, components and machining. He advanced into outside sales and has been serving molders, mold builders and mold makers for about 7 years.
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How to reference articles from the SPE Library:
Any article that is cited in another manuscript or other work is required to use the correct reference style. Below is an example of the reference style for SPE articles:
Brown, H. L. and Jones, D. H. 2016, May.
"Insert title of paper here in quotes,"
ANTEC 2016 - Indianapolis, Indiana, USA May 23-25, 2016. [On-line].
Society of Plastics Engineers, ISBN: 123-0-1234567-8-9, pp. 000-000.
Available: www.4spe.org.
Note: if there are more than three authors you may use the first author's name and et al. EG Brown, H. L. et al.
