The SPE Library contains thousands of papers, presentations, journal briefs and recorded webinars from the best minds in the Plastics Industry. Spanning almost two decades, this collection of published research and development work in polymer science and plastics technology is a wealth of knowledge and information for anyone involved in plastics.
A blend with good mechanical properties and high resistance to chemical substances is prepared using styrene/butadiene rubber (SBR) and acrylonitrile/butadiene rubber (NBR) and silica as filler. They are studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and mechanical properties. High retention of tensile properties after treatment with H2SO4, NaOH and mineral oil is detected.
As plastics fill more roles, they must offer the same physical properties as the materials they replace. Radically reducing VOC emissions and hazardous waste is now mandatory in many areas. Specialized formulation of resins can meet these needs to some degree. Coating the molded parts addresses all these concerns. UV cured coatings meet the most stringent environmental standards, while duplicating the physical properties of glass, wood, light metal and high VOC printing and finishing inks.
Aliphatic polyesters were melt mixed with bioactive fillers in order to compare their degradation behavior in a phosphate buffer saline solution as a function of polymer type and crystallinity and type of filler. The samples were tested for weight, pH, IV, and thermal property changes as a function of time.
Carolina L. Morelli, José Alexandrino de Sousa, António S. Pouzada, May 2006
Weld lines in injection mouldings are regions of low mechanical strength. The compounding with talc intensifies this effect. In this work it was possible to find a correlation between the processing conditions, the morphology and tensile-impact properties of box type mouldings of PP / talc composites with weld lines.
Composites for bone regeneration were produced from polycaprolactone with selected fillers. The fillers were screened for bioactivity using simulated body fluid, and then melt mixed with the polyester. The composites were then characterized by SEM, EDX, XRD, and AA spectroscopic methods and showed different degrees of bioactivity depending on the filler structure.
Stephen Johnston David Kazmer, Robert X. Gao, May 2006
An analytical approach for estimating melt temperature using data from in-mold temperature sensors is presented. The estimated melt temperature obtained by this approach is compared to other process data obtained via the mold temperature sensor data, including the peak mold temperature and the maximum mold temperature increase which is sensed during a molding cycle. The estimated melt temperature was found to be the most reliable means of detecting changes in the actual melt temperature and the injection velocity.
Richard E. Lyon, Richard N. Walters, Stanislav I. Stoliarov, May 2006
A methodology that separately reproduces the gas and condensed phase processes of flaming combustion in a single laboratory test is described. Anaerobic pyrolysis of solid plastics under controlled heating conditions and thermal oxidation (nonflaming combustion) of the volatile products provides the rate and amount of heat released by the solid during burning. The physical basis for the methodology, the measurement of flammability parameters, and their relationship to fire response and flame resistance of plastics are described.
A methodology is presented for optimizing multiple stages in an injection velocity profile between critical junctions in the runner and cavity geometry. During a short shot study, the injection velocity is sequentially optimized for each consecutive velocity stage by minimizing the total injection molding cost. The results indicate that velocity profiling has a marginal role on nominal molding costs, but a significant role on part quality (the part thickness in this study) and processing yields.
H. Okumura, T. Yoshida, U.S. Ishiaku, A?Nakai, H. Hamada, May 2006
For the fabrication of GF/PP injection molded composite, 3 types of PP with different molecular weights were used in order to simulate the recycling process of PP. Effects of weight-average molecular weight on interfacial adhesion between GF and PP were investigated. Moreover, effects of fiber length was also examined through high-back and low-back pressure at the injection molding condition.
Takayuki Inuzuka, Akihiro Fujita, Asami Nakai, Hiroyuki Hamada, May 2006
The effects of punching and injection molding conditions on the amount of deformation and the tensile strength for punched polycarbonate parts in a mold during injection molding were investigated. Both punching and injection molding conditions affected the amount of deformation. Only punching conditions have been found to influence the tensile strength. Two ways could be proposed to secure small degree of deformation and high tensile strength.
T. Yoshida, H. Okumura, A. Nakai, U.S. Ishiaku, H. Hamada, May 2006
The effects of hygrothermal ageing on mechanical interfacial shear properties of injection molded glass fiber (GF) reinforced polypropylene (PP) composites (GFPP) were elucidated. The degradation at the interface initially occurred during the aging process. The interfacial shear strength of GF/PP before and after immersion was investigated by using the Kelly-Tyson formula. As the immersion time increased, the interfacial shear strength became lower.
Kazumi YAMAGUCHI, Akihiko GOTO, Umaru S. Ishiaku, Hiroyuki HAMADA, May 2006
The distribution of the cell shape in the polyurethane foam was measured by using the image processing method. In addition, the cell shape was simply modeled. The analysis limited within the range of elasticity was done by using this model. As a result, the prediction of the mechanical properties was tried by applying the rule of mixture to the foam. The validity was examined.
Incorporating a fine-celled structure in wood-fiber/plastic composites (WPC) foam is important for achieving improved ductility and impact strength. This paper investigates the effects of processing and materials parameters on the morphological changes of WPC during extrusion foaming with N2.
C.-C. Cheng, Y. Ono, B.D. Whiteside, E.C. Brown, C.-K. Jen, P.D. Coates, May 2006
Real-time diagnostics of ceramic powder injection molding with a micromolding machine was performed using ultrasound. Miniature ultrasonic sensors were integrated onto the mold insert. Melt front, solidification and part detachment of the feedstock inside the moldcavity were observed. The assistance of ultrasonic velocity in feedstock inside the mold cavity, the ultrasonic contact time during which the part and mold are in contact and holding pressure may minimize part dimension variation.
Rheological properties were measured on two materials to evaluate their behavior in the thermoforming process. An impact-modified acrylic-based terpolymer compound displayed higher extensional viscosity and melt strength measurements versus a copolyester. The findings in this study showed that lower extensional viscosity and melt strength led to higher molded-in-stress and thinner walls of thermoformed parts.
Phase segregation in melt-extruded blends of polyethylenes that differ considerably in molecular weight was found to exert diverse degrees of influence on various measured physical properties. The instantaneous tensile deformation properties were insensitive to phase segregation while the high-strain tensile deformation behavior is strongly and adversely influenced by phase segregation. Phase segregation of select blend components can favor the plane stress fracture resistance.
Surface-modified carbon nanofibers were used using a chaotic mixer to prepare composites of poly (methyl methacrylate). The quality of dispersion, and electrical and thermo-mechanical properties were determined and compared with similar composites containing non-treated carbon nanofibers. Composites of treated nanofibers showed improved dispersion, and better mechanical properties even at high temperatures, but their electrical conductivity was lower than composites of nanofibers without surface treatment.
Polymers offer a wide range of properties that can be modified according to the needs. An offline joining process can be avoided by overmolding the components to create a hybrid micro system. New research at IKV shows a significant increase in the feasible bonding strength in micro assembly injection molding by using plasma treatment for the inlay parts.
The cumulative effects of polymer molecular weight and concentration on the structure of electrospun fibers and beads were investigated. A significant change in fiber diameter and shape was observed as the molecular weight was varied keeping Berry number, [?]C, constant. Below the entanglement concentration, various types of beads including wrinkled beads, cups, dishes and toroids were produced.
The stress-optical coefficient function of two optical grade polycarbonates (PC) has been determined by simultaneous measurements of the relaxation modulus and strain-optical coefficient function. Based on these measurements, linear viscoelastic and photoviscoelastic constitutive equations were applied to evaluate residual thermal birefringence in quenched PC plates. Numerical results have been compared with the measurements.
Kim McLoughlin Senior Research Engineer, Global Materials Science Braskem
A Resin Supplier’s Perspective on Partnerships for the Circular Economy
About the Speaker
Kim drives technology programs at Braskem to develop advanced polyolefins with improved recyclability and sustainability. As Principal Investigator on a REMADE-funded collaboration, Kim leads a diverse industry-academic team that is developing a process to recycle elastomers as secondary feedstock. Kim has a PhD in Chemical Engineering from Cornell. She is an inventor on more than 25 patents and applications for novel polyolefin technologies. Kim is on the Board of Directors of SPE’s Thermoplastic Materials & Foams Division, where she has served as Education Chair and Councilor.
A Resin Supplier’s Perspective on Partnerships for the Circular Economy
About the Speaker
Gamini has a BS and PhD from Purdue University in Materials Engineering and Sustainability. He joined Penn State as a Post Doctorate Scholar in 2020 prior to his professorship appointment. He works closely with PA plastics manufacturers to implement sustainability programs in their plants.
A Resin Supplier’s Perspective on Partnerships for the Circular Economy
About the Speaker
Tom Giovannetti holds a Degree in Mechanical Engineering from The University of Tulsa and for the last 26 years has worked for Chevron Phillips Chemical Company. Tom started his plastics career by designing various injection molded products for the chemical industry including explosion proof plugs and receptacles, panel boards and detonation arrestors for 24 inch pipelines. Tom also holds a patent for design of a polyphenylene sulfide sleeve in a nylon coolant cross-over of an air intake manifold and is a Certified Plastic Technologist through the Society of Plastic Engineers. Tom serves on the Oklahoma Section Board as Councilor, is also the past president of the local Oklahoma SPE Section, and as well serves on the SPE Injection Molding Division board.
Joseph Lawrence, Ph.D. Senior Director and Research Professor University of Toledo
A Resin Supplier’s Perspective on Partnerships for the Circular Economy
About the Speaker
Dr. Joseph Lawrence is a Research Professor and Senior Director of the Polymer Institute and the Center for Materials and Sensor Characterization at the University of Toledo. He is a Chemical Engineer by training and after working in the process industry, he has been engaged in polymers and composites research for 18+ years. In the Polymer Institute he leads research on renewably sourced polymers, plastics recycling, and additive manufacturing. He is also the lead investigator of the Polyesters and Barrier Materials Research Consortium funded by industry. Dr. Lawrence has advised 20 graduate students, mentored 8 staff scientists and several undergraduate students. He is a peer reviewer in several journals, has authored 30+ peer-reviewed publications and serves on the board of the Injection Molding Division of SPE.
Matt Hammernik Northeast Account Manager Hasco America
A Resin Supplier’s Perspective on Partnerships for the Circular Economy
About the Speaker
Matt Hammernik serves as Hasco America’s Northeast Area Account Manager covering the states Michigan, Ohio, Indiana, and Kentucky. He started with Hasco America at the beginning of March 2022. Matt started in the Injection Mold Industry roughly 10 years ago as an estimator quoting injection mold base steel, components and machining. He advanced into outside sales and has been serving molders, mold builders and mold makers for about 7 years.
84 countries and 85.6k+ stakeholders strong, SPE
unites
plastics professionals worldwide – helping them succeed and strengthening their skills
through
networking, events, training, and knowledge sharing.
No matter where you work in the plastics industry
value
chain-whether you're a scientist, engineer, technical personnel or a senior executive-nor
what your
background is, education, gender, culture or age-we are here to serve you.
Our members needs are our passion. We work hard so
that we
can ensure that everyone has the tools necessary to meet her or his personal & professional
goals.
Need help from SPE Headquarters?
SPE HQ provides a range of services to Chapters. If you are a chapter and need HQ services (i.e.,
event registration - full list of HQ services can be found here), please fill out and submit the HQ services request form found
here: www.4spe.org/HQservices.
IMPORTANT! If you are simply looking to post your
event on SPE's calendar, please click the "Submit an Event" button below. All events
submitted for inclusion in the SPE calendar are subject to approval.
Going to a SPE event?
If you are going to a SPE event and need a Visa invitation letter, please submit your request for a Visa Invitation letter.
SPE Members receive discounted rates on all event registrations. Not a member of SPE? Join today!
How to reference articles from the SPE Library:
Any article that is cited in another manuscript or other work is required to use the correct reference style. Below is an example of the reference style for SPE articles:
Brown, H. L. and Jones, D. H. 2016, May.
"Insert title of paper here in quotes,"
ANTEC 2016 - Indianapolis, Indiana, USA May 23-25, 2016. [On-line].
Society of Plastics Engineers, ISBN: 123-0-1234567-8-9, pp. 000-000.
Available: www.4spe.org.
Note: if there are more than three authors you may use the first author's name and et al. EG Brown, H. L. et al.
