The SPE Library contains thousands of papers, presentations, journal briefs and recorded webinars from the best minds in the Plastics Industry. Spanning almost two decades, this collection of published research and development work in polymer science and plastics technology is a wealth of knowledge and information for anyone involved in plastics.
A commercially available inorganic fiber product Hyperform HPR-803 was introduced into films with both polypropylene (PP) and polysulfone (PSF). These fiber-filled multilayer products were then added to PP resins and injection molded. This methodology allowed for high glass transition temperature PSF to be injection molded at 175oC. The morphology behaviors of the composites were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Mechanical properties of the composites were investigated by performing tensile, flexural, and impact strength tests.
The use of a common solid solution intermediate to support multiple pharmaceutical product applications is demonstrated with particular emphasis on the physical particle attributes required for success.
Design of suspensions, tablets, and injection molded products from spray dried or extruded solid solutions is described together with illustrative preclinical pharmacokinetic profiles.
The behavior of melt flow of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate was studied using a capillary rheometer. The true flow curves were obtained by applying the Bagley correction into the apparent flow curves. It was found that EVA follows the typical pseudoplastic behavior with power indices within the range of polyethyleneƒ??s power indices. Moreover, end pressure losses were estimated.
Recent earth environmental concern requires easy
recycle material system and the use of biodegradable
polymer and natural fiber is noticed in composite
materials. In this study jute cloth reinforced SMC was
fabricated. And the effect of water included in jute cloth
was investigated by bending impact and tensile testing.
As a result it was revealed that the dry processing was
very important to apply natural fiber for composite
materials.
Recent earth environmental concern requires easy recycle material system, and the use of biodegradable polymer and natural fiber is noticed in composite materials. In this study, jute cloth reinforced SMC was fabricated. And the effect of water included in jute cloth was investigated by bending, impact and tensile testing. As a result, it was revealed that the dry processing was very important to apply natural fiber for composite materials.
The rheological behavior of the alkali metal salts of oligomeric (Mw = 4 kg/mol) sulfonated polystyrene ionomers (SPS) was characterized using dynamic and steady shear measurements. Sulfonation increased the melt viscosity of the PS, by as much as 4 orders of magnitude, and the zero shear viscosity scaled with the Coulombic strength of the cation Although Mw was below the entanglement molecular weight, the ionomer melts exhibited strong elastic behavior.
Ivan D. Lopez, Sven Hoffmann, Al Bednar, Tim A. Osswald, May 2010
We report an exceptionally effective method for physically pulling nanotube bundles apart by utilizing electrostatically tethered nanoplatelets to gather and concentrate sonication energy at the surface of nanotube aggregates. Following dispersion, the nanoplatelets can be separated from the nanotubes by tuning the ionic strength of the medium. This colloidal approach obviates the need to drastically modify nanotube surface chemistry to achieve full exfoliation, thereby preserving their intrinsic properties.
Ivan D. Lopez , Sven Hoffmann , Al Bednar , Tim A. Osswald, May 2010
A simulation based on the Radial Functions Method was
implemented to estimate temperature and flow in hot
runner systems during the mold filling process of a discshaped
mold cavity. The simulation predicts temperature
developments inside the hot runner and its effects on the
temperature distribution inside the cavity. Filling cycles
were repeated until the system reached steady state
condition.
We have developed a unique masterbatch that can
be used to produce polypropylene caps and closures
containing the beta crystalline phase of PP. These caps
exhibit dramatically improved impact strength without a
significant loss of other desirable physical properties.
Another benefit of beta-nucleated closures is improved
dimensional stability and reduced warpage. The
masterbatch can be added during molding of the closures
by blending pellets of the masterbatch with that of the PP
resin and no pre-compounding is required.
We have developed a unique masterbatch that can be used to produce polypropylene caps and closures containing the beta crystalline phase of PP. These caps exhibit dramatically improved impact strength without a significant loss of other desirable physical properties. Another benefit of beta-nucleated closures is improved dimensional stability and reduced warpage. The masterbatch can be added during molding of the closures by blending pellets of the masterbatch with that of the PP resin, and no pre-compounding is required.
Experience of application of chimney liner, process pipes, ducts, scrubbers, and other kinds of equipment demonstrates that under operating conditions their failure can occur. Failure occurs because of formation of cracks in chemically resistant layer of GRP multilayered structure. The structural and technological factors causing the failure of final GRP products are considered.
Ultrasonic diagnostic method of screw behavior during extrusion has been designed, developed, and evaluated for a single screw extruder. It was found that under the same processing conditions and depending on the past history of the equipment usage, the vibration behavior of screws in the inspected processing equipment could vary noticeably and the vibration pattern repeated itself at every two screw revolutions. Results suggest that the vibration behavior of the screw is dictated by how the screw is engaged in and the status of the gearbox.
Joseph Dooley , Gary Oliver , Karen Xiao, May 2010
After a polymer has been converted from a solid to amolten state, it must be processed into a final shape tohave value to a customer. This final shape may be apellet, a film, a sheet, a profile, or many other finalgeometries. This paper will discuss some of thebreakthrough inventions and innovations in die design thatare used to produce this vast array of final polymerproduct shapes.
Wantinee Viratyaporn , Richard L. Lehman, May 2010
In the present work, composites comprised of oxide nanoparticles in a PMMA matrix were studied and the Raman shifts associated with the interfacial moieties were identified and correlated with possible structures.The potential effects of these structural perturbations on composite properties are considered.
Polyolefin/clay nanocomposites were fabricated
by directly melt compounding polyethylene with sodium
montmorillonite a poly(ethylene-co-acrylic acid) ionomer
compatibilizer and a quaternary ammonium salt in a
simple one-step extrusion process. The effects of
processing conditions salt structure and concentration on
the clay dispersion morphology and mechanical
properties were investigated using X-ray diffraction
transmission electron microscopy and mechanical testing.
Polyolefin/clay nanocomposites were fabricated by directly melt compounding polyethylene with sodium montmorillonite, a poly(ethylene-co-acrylic acid) ionomer compatibilizer and a quaternary ammonium salt in a simple one-step extrusion process. The effects of processing conditions, salt structure and concentration on the clay dispersion, morphology and mechanical properties were investigated using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and mechanical testing.
Xiangsong Kong , Xi Chen , Zhijiang Shao, May 2010
Quality requirements of injection molding parts have
become more and more stringent. Part weight is one of the
most important quality characteristics. A model free
optimization method based on the simultaneous
perturbation stochastic approximation (SPSA) method is
presented for the weight control of injection molded parts.
The experimental results using different materials show
that this model free optimization method is effective for
the part weight control.
Xiangsong Kong , Xi Chen , Zhijiang Shao, May 2010
Quality requirements of injection molding parts have become more and more stringent. Part weight is one of the most important quality characteristics. A model free optimization method based on the simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation (SPSA) method is presented for the weight control of injection molded parts.The experimental results using different materials show that this model free optimization method is effective for the part weight control.
Kim McLoughlin Senior Research Engineer, Global Materials Science Braskem
A Resin Supplier’s Perspective on Partnerships for the Circular Economy
About the Speaker
Kim drives technology programs at Braskem to develop advanced polyolefins with improved recyclability and sustainability. As Principal Investigator on a REMADE-funded collaboration, Kim leads a diverse industry-academic team that is developing a process to recycle elastomers as secondary feedstock. Kim has a PhD in Chemical Engineering from Cornell. She is an inventor on more than 25 patents and applications for novel polyolefin technologies. Kim is on the Board of Directors of SPE’s Thermoplastic Materials & Foams Division, where she has served as Education Chair and Councilor.
A Resin Supplier’s Perspective on Partnerships for the Circular Economy
About the Speaker
Gamini has a BS and PhD from Purdue University in Materials Engineering and Sustainability. He joined Penn State as a Post Doctorate Scholar in 2020 prior to his professorship appointment. He works closely with PA plastics manufacturers to implement sustainability programs in their plants.
A Resin Supplier’s Perspective on Partnerships for the Circular Economy
About the Speaker
Tom Giovannetti holds a Degree in Mechanical Engineering from The University of Tulsa and for the last 26 years has worked for Chevron Phillips Chemical Company. Tom started his plastics career by designing various injection molded products for the chemical industry including explosion proof plugs and receptacles, panel boards and detonation arrestors for 24 inch pipelines. Tom also holds a patent for design of a polyphenylene sulfide sleeve in a nylon coolant cross-over of an air intake manifold and is a Certified Plastic Technologist through the Society of Plastic Engineers. Tom serves on the Oklahoma Section Board as Councilor, is also the past president of the local Oklahoma SPE Section, and as well serves on the SPE Injection Molding Division board.
Joseph Lawrence, Ph.D. Senior Director and Research Professor University of Toledo
A Resin Supplier’s Perspective on Partnerships for the Circular Economy
About the Speaker
Dr. Joseph Lawrence is a Research Professor and Senior Director of the Polymer Institute and the Center for Materials and Sensor Characterization at the University of Toledo. He is a Chemical Engineer by training and after working in the process industry, he has been engaged in polymers and composites research for 18+ years. In the Polymer Institute he leads research on renewably sourced polymers, plastics recycling, and additive manufacturing. He is also the lead investigator of the Polyesters and Barrier Materials Research Consortium funded by industry. Dr. Lawrence has advised 20 graduate students, mentored 8 staff scientists and several undergraduate students. He is a peer reviewer in several journals, has authored 30+ peer-reviewed publications and serves on the board of the Injection Molding Division of SPE.
Matt Hammernik Northeast Account Manager Hasco America
A Resin Supplier’s Perspective on Partnerships for the Circular Economy
About the Speaker
Matt Hammernik serves as Hasco America’s Northeast Area Account Manager covering the states Michigan, Ohio, Indiana, and Kentucky. He started with Hasco America at the beginning of March 2022. Matt started in the Injection Mold Industry roughly 10 years ago as an estimator quoting injection mold base steel, components and machining. He advanced into outside sales and has been serving molders, mold builders and mold makers for about 7 years.
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How to reference articles from the SPE Library:
Any article that is cited in another manuscript or other work is required to use the correct reference style. Below is an example of the reference style for SPE articles:
Brown, H. L. and Jones, D. H. 2016, May.
"Insert title of paper here in quotes,"
ANTEC 2016 - Indianapolis, Indiana, USA May 23-25, 2016. [On-line].
Society of Plastics Engineers, ISBN: 123-0-1234567-8-9, pp. 000-000.
Available: www.4spe.org.
Note: if there are more than three authors you may use the first author's name and et al. EG Brown, H. L. et al.
